Salmon Sperm DNA: Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) in Skincare
As a dermatologist and skin care expert, I’m often asked about interesting new ingredients popping up in skincare products. One that generates a lot of curiosity is salmon sperm DNA . While it may sound unusual, salmon sperm contains a compound called polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) that has shown promising effects on skin health and anti-aging. On the product label the official INCI name is Sodium DNA
These are the names it may be called:
Polydeoxyribonucleotide= Common name
PDRN = Abbreviation of above
Sodium DNA = INCI name
Salmon Sperm
Salmon Sperm DNA
Salmon Semen
Fish sperm
Fish semen
Skincare Products Containing Salmon Sperm DNA
PDRN is starting to be incorporated into topical skincare products, especially in East Asia. Look for PDRN in the ingredients list for serums, ampoules, lotions, and creams focused on anti-aging.
There several products with this ingredient. Look on the label for the INCI name Sodium DNA, Polydeoxyribonucleodtide, or PDRN.
Why is Salmon Sperm used in skin care?
Why Salmon Sperm is Used on Skin?
Salmon sperm is an ideal source to extract high purity PDRN. The sperm DNA has very low levels of proteins, peptides, and other contaminants compared to other DNA sources. Through a specialized extraction process at high temperatures, over 95% pure PDRN can be obtained from salmon sperm, with no active proteins or peptides. This eliminates concerns about immunological reactions.
What is Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN)?
Sodium DNA is a signal peptide that mimics extracellular nucleotides. It is composed of DNA fragments from salmon sperm cells. The chemical structure consists of short, low molecular weight DNA chains, ranging from 50 to 1500 kiloDaltons in size. These DNA strands are polymers made up of linked deoxyribonucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. The deoxyribonucleotides contain a sugar, phosphate group, and purine or pyrimidine base.
The linear DNA chains twist together into the classic double helix shape. PDRN likely gets broken down by enzymes in the skin into individual nucleotides and nucleosides to provide benefits.
how does PDRN work?
How Does PDRN from Salmon Sperm Work on Skin?
PDRN acts through two key mechanisms – activation of adenosine A2A receptors and providing nucleotides for the salvage pathway in cells.
When applied to skin, PDRN is thought to release nucleotides like adenosine that activate adenosine A2A receptors. These receptors are found on many cell types in the skin, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Activation of A2A receptors sets off a cascade of cellular signals that drive benefits like:
Increased fibroblasts production of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins
Promoted blood vessel and capillary growth by enhancing VEGF production in endothelial cells
Reduced inflammation by inhibiting production of inflammatory cytokines
The salvage pathway allows cells to recycle nucleotides and nucleosides from broken down DNA and RNA. PDRN delivers nucleotides and nucleosides that skin cells can use in this pathway to synthesize new DNA instead of undergoing taxing de novo synthesis. This provides energy and supports skin cell proliferation and growth.
benefits of salmon sperm
Benefits of Salmon Semen-derived PDRN for Skin
Through these dual mechanisms, PDRN has shown a range of benefits for revitalizing and rejuvenating skin.
Salmon Sperm DNA has these skin benefits:
Improves skin texture by stimulating collagen production and inhibiting MMPs that degrade collagen
Firms skin and improves elasticity and sagging
Promotes DNA repair and growth of skin cells
Boosts angiogenesis to improve blood flow and nutrition to skin tissue
Reduces inflammation from UV exposure or other skin damage
Lightens hyperpigmentation by inhibiting melanin synthesis and tyrosinase enzyme activity
Helps regenerate hair growth in combination with laser therapy
Dermal Fillers with PDRN
Studies outside the US are looking at the benefits of dermal fillers containing salmon sperm DNA extract.
EvoPDRN
My patients from Brazil told me about EvoPDRN that is used in Brazil. It has not yet been studies in the USA or proven to be safe. It is not approved by the FDA in the US and as far as I know- there are no ongoing trials in the US on this at this time (Nov 2023).
PDRN is also used in injectable dermal fillers, particularly in Brazil. EvoPDRN is an injectable hyaluronic acid filler that contains PDRN. It has been reported to provide better tissue regeneration and more natural looking results compared to HA fillers alone.
Combining PDRN with Procedures
Another emerging use is applying PDRN products immediately after microneedling, laser resurfacing, skin tightening procedures, and other minimally invasive treatments.
The micro-injuries created stimulate the skin’s natural wound healing response. Applying PDRN helps maximize this effect by providing nucleotides to ramp up cell activity and growth factors to boost tissue regeneration.
PDRN injections combined with fractionated thulium laser treatments have also shown promising results for pattern hair loss. The PDRN seems to enhance the hair growth stimulating effects of the laser therapy.
PDRN from salmon sperm DNA is an intriguing new ingredient for anti-aging skincare. Early evidence indicates it may help improve skin quality, texture, collagen levels, and hair growth. More research is still needed, but PDRN’s role in supporting skin cell regeneration shows therapeutic potential. I’m hopeful larger scale studies will continue to reveal benefits and expand PDRN applications in dermatology.
Looking for the best skincare products with PDRN Salmon Sperm DNA for your skin type? Let me help!
It all starts by taking the skin type quiz so I can give you a custom skin care routine.
DQH Knowledge drop: In your 20s, your skin cell turnover decreases. (Cell turnover is a key component in keeping your skin youthful.) You know what else slows down? Your collagen production. Starting in your 20s, collagen decreases by about 1 percent per year. Should you want to prevent fine lines and wrinkles, start by eliminating behaviors that contribute to premature aging. “If it’s bad for you, it’s bad for your skin,” says dermatologist Michel Somenek.
“Cigarette smoking reduces blood flow to the skin and causes premature wrinkling and a dull skin texture. Making the repeated pursed motion to inhale can also cause smoker’s lines. Alcohol and recreational drugs are toxins for the skin that damage its cellular structure and DNA,” Somenek tells us. “The faster you eliminate vices while you are young, the better chance your skin and body have to recuperate.” Also, adopting an anti-aging routine in your 20s is key. After all, the best offense is a good defense. We spoke to Somenek and experts Joshua Ross and Audrey Kunin to find out more.
Keep reading for the best anti-aging products for your 20s, according to skincare professionals.
Sunscreen
“We all know that the sun is the number one cause of skin aging and starting the prevention in your 20s is very important,” Ross says. “The majority of your sun damage won’t start to appear until you’re in your 30s, so don’t wait until you see it surface or you’ll be behind the curve. Stay ahead of it with a good-quality zinc-based sunscreen worn daily.”
Farmacy Green Defense Daily Mineral Sunscreen
An invisible sunscreen with SPF 30, plus botanical extracts meant to protect skin with tons of antioxidants. Bonus: It’s clean and fine to use under makeup.
Bareminerals Complexion Rescue™ Tinted Moisturizer Broad Spectrum SPF 30
Although we recommend you use your SPF and moisturizer separately, we also understand moments when you don’t have time or energy for that extra step. For those times, this bareMinerals moisturizer is a great thing to have on hand.
Vitamin C Serum
“A great introduction to anti-aging is to start with a vitamin C serum in your morning skincare routine,” Ross says. “It’s a powerful antioxidant that will neutralize free radicals and brighten the skin.” He adds that it’s a great way to counteract the effects of the sun’s harmful rays, which, as previously mentioned, are among the biggest causes of premature aging.
Drunk Elephant C-Firma™ Vitamin C Day Serum
The Drunk Elephant C-Firma is a lightweight serum that promises to give skin a glow by combining the brightening powers of vitamin C with ferulic acid, l-ascorbic acid, and vitamin E. The included sodium hyaluronate is meant to replace hydration loss, so you shouldn’t have to deal with any irritation.
Sunday Riley C.E.O. Rapid Flash Brightening Serum
This potent serum is jam-packed with vitamin C (15 percent, to be exact), which means it’s a potential superstar at both brightening skin and dousing it in antioxidants.
Peptides
Using peptides on your skin has many benefits, says Somenek. “The skin barrier is what defends the body against pollution, UV rays, bacteria, and toxins. It can be damaged by several everyday factors. Using topical peptides aids in building a stronger barrier,” he says. “Peptides comprise elastic fibers, which are a type of protein. These fibers help to make skin appear taut and firm. Peptides can also help repair damaged skin, relieve inflammation, and even out skin tone. Some peptides can kill acne-causing bacteria that is common in 20-somethings.”
Kunin agrees, saying, “Peptides are an excellent entry point for supporting collagen.” She recommends looking for face and eye treatments that contain these collagen-boosting powerhouses.
Charlotte Tilbury Magic Eye Rescue Cream
This Charlotte Tilbury super-emollient eye cream has a base of coconut oil and shea butter (read: it’s incredibly hydrating). Botanicals plus peptides are meant to help reduce dark circles and boost collagen, respectively.
This creamy moisturizer serves up potent collagen-boosting peptides and pycnogenol, and antioxidant-rich vitamin C. “Instead of sitting on top of the skin, peptides penetrate the outer layer so they go deep. The ‘signals’ they send tell the cells to produce elastin and collagen, which are needed for youthful-looking skin,” explains Somenek.
At-Home Peel Pads
Remember that skin cell turnover fiasco we talked about earlier? One way to help support it is by exfoliating. “Exfoliation is important to help keep skin fresh and luminous,” Kunin says. She recommends using at-home peel pads as an easy and effective way to exfoliate.
“The goal in your 20s is to fight the slowing pace of cell turnover. It is wise to use products that gently exfoliate, yet still remove oil and other impurities. Products that have Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA) or Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHA) are a good choice.”
According to Somenek, you should only exfoliate two to three times a week. “People of all ages are guilty of over-exfoliating and that can be too much of a good thing,” he says.
Dermadoctor Kakadu C Intensive Vitamin C Peel Pad
A few swipes of this Derma Doctor powerful peel pad promise to leave your skin glowing and smooth, thanks to the seven (yes, seven) types of chemical exfoliants, including AHA and BHA. It also contains vitamin C via Kakadu plum extract for added brightening and antioxidant protection.
KEY INGREDIENTS Kakadu plum extract is sourced from the Kakadu plum, a fruit grown in northern Australia. It contains vitamin C, which restores the skin’s natural barrier, increases collagen production, and soothes irritation.
Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare Alpha Beta® Universal Daily Peel Pads
These are the gold standard of peel pads, with a cult following and over 900 five-star reviews on Sephora. They’re easy to use and contain a blend of anti-aging exfoliating acids.
Emollient Night Cream
“In your 20s, you need to start upping the hydration in your skincare routine. You may have been cautious of over-moisturizing because of acne in your teens, but as you enter your 20s, your skin transitions and becomes drier,” Ross says. “I recommend an emollient night cream added into your evening skincare regimen.”
“Twenty-somethings need to make sure that they are not using creams that will clog their pores and cause excess oil production,” says Somenek. Opt for non-comedogenic products.
Cerave Skin Renewing Night Cream
One great choice is the CeraVe Skin Renewing Night Cream, which is a non-comedogenic night cream that leaves skin soft and glowy. It combines the moisturizing powers of ceramides and hyaluronic acid.
RoC Retinol Correxion Max Hydration Creme
“The best night cream ingredients contain retinol, benzoyl peroxide, and/or salicylic acid or hyaluronic acid. The goal is to moisturize, yet remove excess oil,” says Somenek. This Roc Retinol Correxion cream fits the bill as it contains both hyaluronic acid and retinol so it promises to moisturize while also being non-comedogenic.