The JNK Gene and Skin Health
Activating the JNK gene can speed skin aging. Activation of the JNK gene (c-Jun N-terminal kinases) plays a critical role in stress response pathways in cells, including those in the skin. When the JNK pathway is activated, it can lead to several cellular responses that are detrimental to skin health and appearance.
The goal of an antiaging skincare routine is to prevent activation of the JNK gene. (It is pronounced like “junk”).
Why the JNK Gene Causes Skin Aging
Below I give a simplified explanation of why the activation of JNK is considered unfavorable, especially in the context of increasing collagenase activity and causing skin to age.
Promotion of Collagen Breakdown
JNK activation can increase the production of collagenase, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of collagen. Collagen is a crucial protein that provides structure, strength, and elasticity to the skin. By increasing collagenase levels, JNK activation leads to accelerated degradation of collagen, contributing to the loss of skin firmness and the development of wrinkles.
Fortunately, there are many common ingredients that stimulate collagen synthesis. Some examples of ingredients that stimulate collagen are: salicylic acid, Vitamin C, growth factors, and many more.
Make sure to take the Baumann Skin Type Quiz for free today to make sure you only get collagen stimulating products that are right for your specific skin type!
Contribution to Inflammation:
The JNK pathway is also involved in promoting inflammatory responses. Chronic inflammation can further damage skin structures, including collagen and elastin fibers, exacerbating aging signs and other skin conditions. If you have inflammation concerns, due to the JNK gene or otherwise, make sure to check out this blog all about thescience of inflammation! You can also check out this full dictionary of anti-inflammatory ingredients!
Enhancement of UV Damage
Exposure to UV radiation is a known activator of the JNK pathway. The resulting increase in collagenase contributes to the breakdown of collagen faster than it can be replaced, particularly following UV exposure. This mechanism is a key factor in photoaging, where the skin ages prematurely due to sun exposure
What is the JNK Gene?
The JNK gene (c-Jun N-terminal kinases) refers to a family of protein kinases that play a significant role in regulating cellular responses to stress. These enzymes are part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which includes several pathways that transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, affecting a wide range of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and stress responses.
JNKs are activated in response to various stressors, such as UV radiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, and heat shock. Upon activation, JNKs translocate to the nucleus where they phosphorylate their target substrates, including the transcription factor c-Jun, part of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex. The AP-1 complex then regulates the expression of genes involved in cell death, survival, and inflammation, among other processes.
The role of JNKs in the skin, particularly in relation to UV exposure and oxidative stress, is critical. Activation of JNK pathways can lead to the upregulation of enzymes that degrade collagen, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby contributing to the aging process and the development of conditions like wrinkles and loss of skin elasticity. Moreover, JNK activation is associated with inflammatory responses in the skin, which can exacerbate damage and promote aging and skin diseases.
Understanding the function and regulation of JNK is important in dermatology and skincare, as targeting this pathway could offer therapeutic strategies for treating various skin conditions, including aging, inflammation, and cancer.
DQH Knowledge drop: In your 20s, your skin cell turnover decreases. (Cell turnover is a key component in keeping your skin youthful.) You know what else slows down? Your collagen production. Starting in your 20s, collagen decreases by about 1 percent per year. Should you want to prevent fine lines and wrinkles, start by eliminating behaviors that contribute to premature aging. “If it’s bad for you, it’s bad for your skin,” says dermatologist Michel Somenek.
“Cigarette smoking reduces blood flow to the skin and causes premature wrinkling and a dull skin texture. Making the repeated pursed motion to inhale can also cause smoker’s lines. Alcohol and recreational drugs are toxins for the skin that damage its cellular structure and DNA,” Somenek tells us. “The faster you eliminate vices while you are young, the better chance your skin and body have to recuperate.” Also, adopting an anti-aging routine in your 20s is key. After all, the best offense is a good defense. We spoke to Somenek and experts Joshua Ross and Audrey Kunin to find out more.
Keep reading for the best anti-aging products for your 20s, according to skincare professionals.
Sunscreen
“We all know that the sun is the number one cause of skin aging and starting the prevention in your 20s is very important,” Ross says. “The majority of your sun damage won’t start to appear until you’re in your 30s, so don’t wait until you see it surface or you’ll be behind the curve. Stay ahead of it with a good-quality zinc-based sunscreen worn daily.”
Farmacy Green Defense Daily Mineral Sunscreen
An invisible sunscreen with SPF 30, plus botanical extracts meant to protect skin with tons of antioxidants. Bonus: It’s clean and fine to use under makeup.
Bareminerals Complexion Rescue™ Tinted Moisturizer Broad Spectrum SPF 30
Although we recommend you use your SPF and moisturizer separately, we also understand moments when you don’t have time or energy for that extra step. For those times, this bareMinerals moisturizer is a great thing to have on hand.
Vitamin C Serum
“A great introduction to anti-aging is to start with a vitamin C serum in your morning skincare routine,” Ross says. “It’s a powerful antioxidant that will neutralize free radicals and brighten the skin.” He adds that it’s a great way to counteract the effects of the sun’s harmful rays, which, as previously mentioned, are among the biggest causes of premature aging.
Drunk Elephant C-Firma™ Vitamin C Day Serum
The Drunk Elephant C-Firma is a lightweight serum that promises to give skin a glow by combining the brightening powers of vitamin C with ferulic acid, l-ascorbic acid, and vitamin E. The included sodium hyaluronate is meant to replace hydration loss, so you shouldn’t have to deal with any irritation.
Sunday Riley C.E.O. Rapid Flash Brightening Serum
This potent serum is jam-packed with vitamin C (15 percent, to be exact), which means it’s a potential superstar at both brightening skin and dousing it in antioxidants.
Peptides
Using peptides on your skin has many benefits, says Somenek. “The skin barrier is what defends the body against pollution, UV rays, bacteria, and toxins. It can be damaged by several everyday factors. Using topical peptides aids in building a stronger barrier,” he says. “Peptides comprise elastic fibers, which are a type of protein. These fibers help to make skin appear taut and firm. Peptides can also help repair damaged skin, relieve inflammation, and even out skin tone. Some peptides can kill acne-causing bacteria that is common in 20-somethings.”
Kunin agrees, saying, “Peptides are an excellent entry point for supporting collagen.” She recommends looking for face and eye treatments that contain these collagen-boosting powerhouses.
Charlotte Tilbury Magic Eye Rescue Cream
This Charlotte Tilbury super-emollient eye cream has a base of coconut oil and shea butter (read: it’s incredibly hydrating). Botanicals plus peptides are meant to help reduce dark circles and boost collagen, respectively.
This creamy moisturizer serves up potent collagen-boosting peptides and pycnogenol, and antioxidant-rich vitamin C. “Instead of sitting on top of the skin, peptides penetrate the outer layer so they go deep. The ‘signals’ they send tell the cells to produce elastin and collagen, which are needed for youthful-looking skin,” explains Somenek.
At-Home Peel Pads
Remember that skin cell turnover fiasco we talked about earlier? One way to help support it is by exfoliating. “Exfoliation is important to help keep skin fresh and luminous,” Kunin says. She recommends using at-home peel pads as an easy and effective way to exfoliate.
“The goal in your 20s is to fight the slowing pace of cell turnover. It is wise to use products that gently exfoliate, yet still remove oil and other impurities. Products that have Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA) or Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHA) are a good choice.”
According to Somenek, you should only exfoliate two to three times a week. “People of all ages are guilty of over-exfoliating and that can be too much of a good thing,” he says.
Dermadoctor Kakadu C Intensive Vitamin C Peel Pad
A few swipes of this Derma Doctor powerful peel pad promise to leave your skin glowing and smooth, thanks to the seven (yes, seven) types of chemical exfoliants, including AHA and BHA. It also contains vitamin C via Kakadu plum extract for added brightening and antioxidant protection.
KEY INGREDIENTS Kakadu plum extract is sourced from the Kakadu plum, a fruit grown in northern Australia. It contains vitamin C, which restores the skin’s natural barrier, increases collagen production, and soothes irritation.
Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare Alpha Beta® Universal Daily Peel Pads
These are the gold standard of peel pads, with a cult following and over 900 five-star reviews on Sephora. They’re easy to use and contain a blend of anti-aging exfoliating acids.
Emollient Night Cream
“In your 20s, you need to start upping the hydration in your skincare routine. You may have been cautious of over-moisturizing because of acne in your teens, but as you enter your 20s, your skin transitions and becomes drier,” Ross says. “I recommend an emollient night cream added into your evening skincare regimen.”
“Twenty-somethings need to make sure that they are not using creams that will clog their pores and cause excess oil production,” says Somenek. Opt for non-comedogenic products.
Cerave Skin Renewing Night Cream
One great choice is the CeraVe Skin Renewing Night Cream, which is a non-comedogenic night cream that leaves skin soft and glowy. It combines the moisturizing powers of ceramides and hyaluronic acid.
RoC Retinol Correxion Max Hydration Creme
“The best night cream ingredients contain retinol, benzoyl peroxide, and/or salicylic acid or hyaluronic acid. The goal is to moisturize, yet remove excess oil,” says Somenek. This Roc Retinol Correxion cream fits the bill as it contains both hyaluronic acid and retinol so it promises to moisturize while also being non-comedogenic.